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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00072_Text_re33t.txt
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1997-02-04
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Other Spatial Constancies
Shape constancy results if the
observer correctly takes into
account the slant of the
objectΓÇÖs surface.
The taking-into-account
theory also offers the best
explanation of other spatial
constancies, such as constancy
of shape and orientation. In
the case of our tendency to see
the shapes of things as
constant, the relevant factor
taken into account is the slant
of the object. If a rectangle is
slanted away from the frontal
plane, its retinal image is
trapezoidal. If there is
information about the angle
slant, the perceptual system
can take this into account to
compute that the shape of the
object is rectangular.
The taking-into-account
process is not as simple here as
in the case of size because it
includes computations based on
the differential distances of
parts of the object. For example,
if, because the slant is
accurately perceived, one part
is seen correctly as farther
away, the size of that part can
be veridically perceived as a
result of size constancy. That
part yields a smaller visual
angle than closer parts do, but,
if it is seen to be the same size
as the near part of the object,
the perceived shape would have
to be rectangular rather than
trapezoidal. Note that this
analysis suggests that shape
constancy can be derived from
size constancy.